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<div class="gmail_quote">Reference Cultures and Imagined Empires
in Western History:<br>
<br>
Global Perspectives, 1815-2000<br>
11-13 June 2014<br>
<br>
Utrecht University, Netherlands<br>
<br>
Call for Papers<br>
<br>
This conference explores the concept of reference culture as a
way to approach the cultural dimensions of territorial and
non-territorial power. By studying reference cultures we want to
draw attention to the fact that cultures may assume a role as
benchmark or model, both positive and negative, in the
international circulation of ideas and practices.<br>
<br>
Reference cultures offer a model that other cultures may
imitate, adapt, or resist. In contrast to essentialist and
territorial concepts such as empire and nation, the idea of
reference cultures allows us to address the shifting
subjectivities central to cultural encounters. We take reference
cultures to be mental constructs or “cognitive maps” that do not
necessarily represent a geopolitical reality with an internal
hierarchy and recognizable borders. They may take the form of
imagined empires and may also be informed by utopian visions or
mythological pasts. Such reference societies are typically
established and negotiated in public discourse over a long
period of time.<br>
<br>
The academic discussion suggests that the interplay of political
and economic supremacy with the “soft power” of cultural
attraction and reputation plays a crucial role in how certain
cultures establish guiding standards for other cultures.
Historical examples such as the Dutch Republic in the Golden
Age, nineteenth-century Great Britain, twentieth-century
America—and perhaps twenty-first-century China—point to the
importance of reference cultures.<br>
<br>
This conference aims to open up this new field of historical
inquiry by exploring the role of these transcultural models
within western history in the nineteenth and twentieth
centuries. This includes transatlantic history as well as the
complex cultural relations between the West and “the Rest”. We
encourage papers that explore and interrogate the concept of
“reference cultures” by investigating its theoretical and
empirical validity, or by exploring concrete historical examples
of transnational or trans-local referencing, cultural
adaption/hybridization, or resistance.<br>
<br>
The conference aspires to open an interdisciplinary exploration
of “reference cultures”. We warmly welcome a dialogue with
ongoing debates in relevant academic fields such as European
studies, American studies, cultural history, empire studies,
postcolonial studies, literary studies, history of science,
transfer studies, and comparative history. Methodologically, we
are interested both in conventional historical approaches and in
approaches based on digital humanities.<br>
<br>
Participants are encouraged to discuss the various
manifestations of reference cultures during the nineteenth and
twentieth centuries, such as:<br>
<br>
· the hegemonic cultures of nineteenth and
twentieth-century empires as for example Great Britain, the
United States (“the American Century”), Austria-Hungary, Soviet
Union, and Germany;<br>
<br>
· (post-)colonial cultures, of both the colonizers
(ranging from France to Japan) and the colonized (since the
periphery may well act as point of reference for the center);<br>
<br>
· Historical reference cultures, such as ancient Rome,
ancient India, or ancient China;<br>
<br>
· Mythical and/or utopian cultures, as represented in
the Promised Land, Atlantis, narrative utopias, or dystopias in
science fiction;<br>
<br>
· Self-declared models, including French universalité or
laicité, American Exceptionalism, Indonesian Pancasila, South
American Bolivarianism.<br>
<br>
Conference participants are expected to cover their own travel
and hotel expenses, and the conference fee of €75. Since a
selection of the papers will be published in an edited volume,
we request that all papers are based on original work that has
not been published previously. Those interested in presenting a
paper are kindly requested to submit a 250-word abstract for
20-minute papers (indicating any equipment/technical
requirements) and a brief biographical note by 16 February 2014
to dr. Pim Huijnen (<a href="mailto:p.huijnen@uu.nl">p.huijnen@uu.nl</a>)
or dr. Jaap Verheul (<a href="mailto:j.verheul@uu.nl">j.verheul@uu.nl</a>),
History Department, Utrecht University, the Netherlands.<br>
<br>
<br>
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